Drug possession is one of the most common criminal charges in Maine, and even a first offense can result in jail time, fines, and a permanent record. Law enforcement actively pursues cases involving substances like marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and prescription drugs—often based on small amounts.
Drug possession penalties depend on the type of drug, quantity, and your prior record, and what seems minor can quickly become serious. If you’re searching for a drug possession defense attorney near you, getting experienced legal help early can make a critical difference in your case.
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Drug Possession Charges in Maine
In Maine, it’s illegal to possess controlled substances. “Controlled substances,” however, are any drugs that the government regulates. This means that it’s not just the drugs that are obviously illegal, like cocaine or heroin.
Prescription drugs are also “controlled substances” because you need a prescription from a doctor in order to use them lawfully.
This wide meaning of what a “controlled substance” is, makes it very easy to illegally possess drugs, without even knowing it.
Possession of Marijuana in Maine
In Maine, medical marijuana laws offer protection to patients with legitimate medical needs, while recreational use remains popular. Communities like Portland have explored local legalization. Possession without a medical card is illegal, with penalties varying based on the quantity:
- Less than 2.5 ounces: A civil offense.
- More than 2.5 ounces: A criminal offense with penalties based on the amount.
Drug Possession Schedules in Maine
The following drug schedule is taken from the Maine Revised Statutes Title 17-A, Chapter 45, §1102 and broken into 4 schedules as follows:
- Schedule W: is where the most serious drugs are found. Schedule W includes dangerous, highly addictive, drugs that have little to no medicinal purpose, like cocaine and heroin.
- Schedule X: includes addictive drugs and other hallucinogens that pose less of a threat, or have a higher medicinal value, than Schedule W drugs. The types of drugs included in Schedule X are, for example, peyote, ketamine, and other hallucinogenic substances that come from plants or mushrooms.
- Schedule Y: The substances listed in Schedule Y include predominantly prescription drugs. These drugs have high medicinal value, but can also be very addictive, and therefore easily abused. Included in Schedule Y are drugs like codeine and valium.
- Schedule Z: This is a catch-all category and includes all other prescription and non-prescription drugs not included in the other three Schedules. Marijuana is among the drugs listed in Schedule Z.
For a complete listing of the drugs listed in each one of Maine’s Schedules, you can read more in this post in our blog.
Penalties for Drug Possession in Maine
If you get convicted for drug possession, the penalty that you could face depends on the nature of the drug that you were in possession of, and how much of it you had.
Generally, drug possession is a misdemeanor charge. The exact penalties depend on which of Maine’s controlled substance Schedules the drug belongs to:
| Type of Crime | Jail time | Fine | |
| Schedule W | Class D (Misdemeanor) | Up to 364 days | $2,000 |
| Schedule X | Class D (Misdemeanor) | Up to 364 days | $2,000 |
| Schedule Y | Class E (Misdemeanor) | Up to 6 months | $1,000 |
| Schedule Z | Class E (Misdemeanor) | Up to 6 months | $1,000 |
However, possession of certain drugs carries elevated penalties. Possession of the following drugs is a Class C felony drug charge, which comes with a fine of up to $5,000, and up to 5 years in jail:
- Hydrocodone,
- Oxycodone,
- Methamphetamine,
- Hydromorphone, also known as Dilaudid,
- Heroin, or
- Crack cocaine, if you’ve had a prior drug conviction.
While a conviction for possessing these drugs comes with higher fines and a longer jail sentence, possession of over a specific amount of certain Schedule W drugs can turn charges from a Class D misdemeanor into a Class B felony. Class B felonies carry fines of up to $20,000, and up to 10 years in prison. These are the Schedule W drugs, and the amounts required, that can result in these elevated penalties:
- Possession of 14 or more grams of either cocaine, or methamphetamine, or
- Possession of 4 grams or more of crack cocaine.
What does it mean to “possess drugs” in Maine?
Now that we’ve been over what “controlled substances” are, and the kinds of penalties that come with a conviction for possessing them, what does it actually mean to “possess drugs”?
This might seem like a silly question, but remember that it’s up to the prosecutor to prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that you were doing this, in order for you to be convicted on a charge for drug possession.
In order to convict you for a misdemeanor drug possession, the prosecutor has to show four things:
- You knowingly, or intentionally possessed a substance that you knew, or believed to be, a Scheduled drug, and which was, in fact, a Scheduled drug.
- That the substance was a certain type of drug,
- That the substance was of a certain weight or amount, or
- That you have a drug conviction on your criminal record.
To get a conviction for a felony-level drug possession charge, the prosecutor also has to show some of the following, as well, depending on the situation:
While some of these elements are often fairly easy for a prosecutor to show, like whether a certain drug is one of the ones listed in Maine’s Schedule of controlled substances, many of the other ones can be very problematic.
Showing that you “knowingly or intentionally” had drugs in your possession can be difficult for prosecutors to show, depending on the circumstances surrounding your arrest. Accidentally picking up the wrong luggage at the airport and then discovering that it’s full of illegal drugs would mean that you didn’t actually knowingly possess the drugs, and definitely didn’t possess them intentionally. Remember that it’s the prosecutor who has the burden of proof.
He or she has to rule out these possibilities if they’re reasonably feasible.
Even the act of possessing drugs can be difficult for prosecutors to show. “Possession” is a tricky thing. If, instead of mistakenly picking up the wrong luggage, you purposely pick up your friend at the airport, but he has drugs on him, and he subtly slides them under his seat while on the way home so he doesn’t have to have them in his pocket on the way, who has possession of the drugs? You don’t even know they’re there.
Civil Possession of Marijuana Charges in Maine
In Maine, it is illegal to be in possession of marijuana without a card. However, if you’re in possession of 2.5 ounces of marijuana or less, it’s only a civil charge. That means the State can’t put you in jail. They can only assess a fine and technically, you won’t have a criminal record if things go poorly in court.
If you are in possession of 1.25 ounces or less of marijuana, a civil fine of no less than $350.00 can be assessed and no more than $600.00 may be imposed as a sanction by the court.
If you are in possession of more than 1.25 ounces of marijuana but no more than 2.5 ounces, a fine of no less than $700.00 may be assessed but no more than $1,000.00. On the high end of the scale, you’re looking at a maximum fine of $1,220.00, which includes surcharges.
Clearly, smoking marijuana (and getting caught by the police) can be an expensive habit.
Criminal Drug Possession of Marijuana in Maine
Anytime you’re in possession of more than 2.5 ounces of marijuana, you’re likely facing criminal charges if you’re busted by the police. The larger amount of marijuana in your possession, the bigger the penalty and the more serious the charge.
- 2.5oz – 8oz marijuana is a Class E crime, for which the maximum penalty includes a fine of $1,000.00 and jail time of up to 6 months.
- 8oz – 16oz marijuana is a Class D crime, for which the maximum penalty includes a fine of $2,000.00 and jail time of up to 364 days.
- 1+ pound – 20 pounds marijuana is a Class C felony, for which the maximum penalty includes a fine of $5,000.00, 5 years in state prison and up to 2 years probation.
- 20+ pounds marijuana is a Class B felony, for which the maximum penalty includes a fine of $20,000.00, 10 years in state prison and up to 5 years probation
What is the typical sentence for drug possession, trafficking or distribution in Maine?
Contact Our Maine Drug Possession Defense Attorneys Now
If you have been charged with drug possession in Maine, taking immediate action can make a significant difference in the outcome of your case. The sooner you speak with a criminal defense attorney, the better your chances of protecting your rights and minimizing potential penalties.
At The Maine Criminal Defense Group, we provide experienced, strategic defense for individuals facing drug possession charges across Southern Maine. With offices located in Kennebunk, Portland, and Brunswick, our defense attorneys are positioned to defend drug possession cases throughout the region and appear in local courts on your behalf.
We understand how Maine prosecutors build drug cases, and we know how to challenge the evidence, protect your rights, and fight for the best possible result.
Contact us today for a confidential consultation and take the first step toward defending your future.
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